Restrictions for reimbursement of interferon-free direct-acting antiviral drugs for HCV infection in Europe.
Identifieur interne : 000437 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000436; suivant : 000438Restrictions for reimbursement of interferon-free direct-acting antiviral drugs for HCV infection in Europe.
Auteurs : Alison D. Marshall [Australie] ; Evan B. Cunningham [Australie] ; Stine Nielsen [Espagne] ; Alessio Aghemo [Italie] ; Hannu Alho [Finlande] ; Markus Backmund [Allemagne] ; Philip Bruggmann [Suisse] ; Olav Dalgard [Norvège] ; Carole Seguin-Devaux [Luxembourg (pays)] ; Robert Flisiak [Pologne] ; Graham R. Foster [Royaume-Uni] ; Liana Gheorghe [Roumanie] ; David Goldberg [Royaume-Uni] ; Ioannis Goulis [Grèce] ; Matthew Hickman [Royaume-Uni] ; Patrick Hoffmann [Luxembourg (pays)] ; Ligita Jancorien [Lituanie] ; Peter Jarcuska [Slovaquie] ; Martin K Berg [Suède] ; Leondios G. Kostrikis [Chypre (pays)] ; Mihály Makara [Hongrie] ; Matti Maimets [Estonie] ; Rui Tato Marinho [Portugal] ; Mojca Mati I [Slovénie] ; Suzanne Norris [Irlande (pays)] ; Sigur Ur Lafsson [Islande] ; Anne Vrehus [Danemark] ; Jean-Michel Pawlotsky [France] ; James Pocock [Malte] ; Geert Robaeys [Belgique] ; Carlos Roncero [Espagne] ; Marieta Simonova [Bulgarie] ; Jan Sperl [République tchèque] ; Michele Tait [Irlande (pays)] ; Ieva Tolmane [Lettonie] ; Stefan Tomaselli [Liechtenstein] ; Marc Van Der Valk [Pays-Bas] ; Adriana Vince [Croatie] ; Gregory J. Dore [Australie] ; Jeffrey V. Lazarus [Danemark] ; Jason Grebely [Australie]Source :
- The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology [ 2468-1253 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
All-oral direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus, which have response rates of 95% or more, represent a major clinical advance. However, the high list price of DAAs has led many governments to restrict their reimbursement. We reviewed the availability of, and national criteria for, interferon-free DAA reimbursement among countries in the European Union and European Economic Area, and Switzerland. Reimbursement documentation was reviewed between Nov 18, 2016, and Aug 1, 2017. Primary outcomes were fibrosis stage, drug or alcohol use, prescriber type, and HIV co-infection restrictions. Among the 35 European countries and jurisdictions included, the most commonly reimbursed DAA was ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir, with dasabuvir, and with or without ribavirin (33 [94%] countries and jurisdictions). 16 (46%) countries and jurisdictions required patients to have fibrosis at stage F2 or higher, 29 (83%) had no listed restrictions based on drug or alcohol use, 33 (94%) required a specialist prescriber, and 34 (97%) had no additional restrictions for people co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus. These findings have implications for meeting WHO targets, with evidence of some countries not following the 2016 hepatitis C virus treatment guidelines by the European Association for the Study of Liver.
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(17)30284-4
PubMed: 28986139
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, Belgique, Bulgarie, Chypre (pays), Croatie, Danemark, Espagne, Estonie, Finlande, France, Grèce, Hongrie, Irlande (pays), Islande, Italie, Lettonie, Liechtenstein, Lituanie, Luxembourg (pays), Malte, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Portugal, Roumanie, Royaume-Uni, République tchèque, Slovaquie, Slovénie, Suisse, Suède
- Angleterre, Bavière, Bohême centrale, Canton de Zurich, Catalogne, Communauté de Madrid, District de Haute-Bavière, Grand Londres, Hollande-Septentrionale, Hongrie centrale, Hovedstaden, Lombardie, Sofia-ville (oblast), Svealand, Île-de-France, Østlandet
- Amsterdam, Barcelone, Budapest, Copenhague, Créteil, Londres, Madrid, Milan, Munich, Oslo, Prague, Sofia, Stockholm, Zurich
- Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich, Université de Londres
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Kostrikis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Chypre (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Cyprus, Nicosia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nicosia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Makara, Mihaly" sort="Makara, Mihaly" uniqKey="Makara M" first="Mihály" last="Makara">Mihály Makara</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Hepatology Center, St István and St László Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Hepatology Center, St István and St László Hospital, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maimets, Matti" sort="Maimets, Matti" uniqKey="Maimets M" first="Matti" last="Maimets">Matti Maimets</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tartu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Tartu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marinho, Rui Tato" sort="Marinho, Rui Tato" uniqKey="Marinho R" first="Rui Tato" last="Marinho">Rui Tato Marinho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Santa Maria, Medical School Lisbon, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Santa Maria, Medical School Lisbon, University of Lisbon, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mati I, Mojca" sort="Mati I, Mojca" uniqKey="Mati I M" first="Mojca" last="Mati I">Mojca Mati I</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Illnesses, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Illnesses, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ljubljana</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Norris, Suzanne" sort="Norris, Suzanne" uniqKey="Norris S" first="Suzanne" last="Norris">Suzanne Norris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Hepatitis C Treatment Programme, Health Service Executive, Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>National Hepatitis C Treatment Programme, Health Service Executive, Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Lafsson, Sigur Ur" sort=" Lafsson, Sigur Ur" uniqKey=" Lafsson S" first="Sigur Ur" last=" Lafsson">Sigur Ur Lafsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Islande</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Reykjavik</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Vrehus, Anne" sort=" Vrehus, Anne" uniqKey=" Vrehus A" first="Anne" last=" Vrehus">Anne Vrehus</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Odense</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pawlotsky, Jean Michel" sort="Pawlotsky, Jean Michel" uniqKey="Pawlotsky J" first="Jean-Michel" last="Pawlotsky">Jean-Michel Pawlotsky</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Hopital Henri Mondor, Universite Paris Est, Créteil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Hopital Henri Mondor, Universite Paris Est, Créteil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pocock, James" sort="Pocock, James" uniqKey="Pocock J" first="James" last="Pocock">James Pocock</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Gastroenterology Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Malte</country><wicri:regionArea>Gastroenterology Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Msida</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robaeys, Geert" sort="Robaeys, Geert" uniqKey="Robaeys G" first="Geert" last="Robaeys">Geert Robaeys</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Hepatology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Hepatology, UZ Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Leuven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roncero, Carlos" sort="Roncero, Carlos" uniqKey="Roncero C" first="Carlos" last="Roncero">Carlos Roncero</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Psychiatric Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Psychiatric Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simonova, Marieta" sort="Simonova, Marieta" uniqKey="Simonova M" first="Marieta" last="Simonova">Marieta Simonova</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Transplantology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Transplantology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Sofia</settlement><region nuts="2">Sofia-ville (oblast)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sperl, Jan" sort="Sperl, Jan" uniqKey="Sperl J" first="Jan" last="Sperl">Jan Sperl</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tait, Michele" sort="Tait, Michele" uniqKey="Tait M" first="Michele" last="Tait">Michele Tait</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Hepatitis C Treatment Programme, Health Service Executive, Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>National Hepatitis C Treatment Programme, Health Service Executive, Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolmane, Ieva" sort="Tolmane, Ieva" uniqKey="Tolmane I" first="Ieva" last="Tolmane">Ieva Tolmane</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hepatology, Infectology Center of Latvia, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Lettonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hepatology, Infectology Center of Latvia, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riga</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tomaselli, Stefan" sort="Tomaselli, Stefan" uniqKey="Tomaselli S" first="Stefan" last="Tomaselli">Stefan Tomaselli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Office of Public Health, Vaduz, Liechtenstein.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Liechtenstein</country><wicri:regionArea>Office of Public Health, Vaduz</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Vaduz</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Valk, Marc" sort="Van Der Valk, Marc" uniqKey="Van Der Valk M" first="Marc" last="Van Der Valk">Marc Van Der Valk</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vince, Adriana" sort="Vince, Adriana" uniqKey="Vince A" first="Adriana" last="Vince">Adriana Vince</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Croatie</country><wicri:regionArea>University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, University of Zagreb, Zagreb</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zagreb</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dore, Gregory J" sort="Dore, Gregory J" uniqKey="Dore G" first="Gregory J" last="Dore">Gregory J. Dore</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NSW</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lazarus, Jeffrey V" sort="Lazarus, Jeffrey V" uniqKey="Lazarus J" first="Jeffrey V" last="Lazarus">Jeffrey V. Lazarus</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, Univeristy of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CHIP, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, Univeristy of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CHIP, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grebely, Jason" sort="Grebely, Jason" uniqKey="Grebely J" first="Jason" last="Grebely">Jason Grebely</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NSW</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28986139</idno><idno type="pmid">28986139</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/S2468-1253(17)30284-4</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000389</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000389</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000387</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000387</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000387</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000387</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">004F95</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">004F95</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">004F95</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000432</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000437</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000437</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Restrictions for reimbursement of interferon-free direct-acting antiviral drugs for HCV infection in Europe.</title><author><name sortKey="Marshall, Alison D" sort="Marshall, Alison D" uniqKey="Marshall A" first="Alison D" last="Marshall">Alison D. Marshall</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: amarshall@kirby.unsw.edu.au.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NSW</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cunningham, Evan B" sort="Cunningham, Evan B" uniqKey="Cunningham E" first="Evan B" last="Cunningham">Evan B. Cunningham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NSW</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, Stine" sort="Nielsen, Stine" uniqKey="Nielsen S" first="Stine" last="Nielsen">Stine Nielsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>INHSU, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>INHSU, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aghemo, Alessio" sort="Aghemo, Alessio" uniqKey="Aghemo A" first="Alessio" last="Aghemo">Alessio Aghemo</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomedical Sciences and Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences and Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Humanitas University, Milan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Milan</settlement><region nuts="2">Lombardie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alho, Hannu" sort="Alho, Hannu" uniqKey="Alho H" first="Hannu" last="Alho">Hannu Alho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University, Helsinki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Helsinki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Backmund, Markus" sort="Backmund, Markus" uniqKey="Backmund M" first="Markus" last="Backmund">Markus Backmund</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruggmann, Philip" sort="Bruggmann, Philip" uniqKey="Bruggmann P" first="Philip" last="Bruggmann">Philip Bruggmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Arud Centres for Addiction Medicine, Zürich, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Arud Centres for Addiction Medicine, Zürich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Zurich</settlement><region nuts="3" type="region">Canton de Zurich</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dalgard, Olav" sort="Dalgard, Olav" uniqKey="Dalgard O" first="Olav" last="Dalgard">Olav Dalgard</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oslo</settlement><region nuts="2">Østlandet</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seguin Devaux, Carole" sort="Seguin Devaux, Carole" uniqKey="Seguin Devaux C" first="Carole" last="Seguin-Devaux">Carole Seguin-Devaux</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Luxembourg (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Luxembourg City</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flisiak, Robert" sort="Flisiak, Robert" uniqKey="Flisiak R" first="Robert" last="Flisiak">Robert Flisiak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bialystok</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Foster, Graham R" sort="Foster, Graham R" uniqKey="Foster G" first="Graham R" last="Foster">Graham R. Foster</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Queen Mary University of London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gheorghe, Liana" sort="Gheorghe, Liana" uniqKey="Gheorghe L" first="Liana" last="Gheorghe">Liana Gheorghe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Roumanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bucharest</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldberg, David" sort="Goldberg, David" uniqKey="Goldberg D" first="David" last="Goldberg">David Goldberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Glasgow</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goulis, Ioannis" sort="Goulis, Ioannis" uniqKey="Goulis I" first="Ioannis" last="Goulis">Ioannis Goulis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Thessaloniki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hickman, Matthew" sort="Hickman, Matthew" uniqKey="Hickman M" first="Matthew" last="Hickman">Matthew Hickman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bristol</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Patrick" sort="Hoffmann, Patrick" uniqKey="Hoffmann P" first="Patrick" last="Hoffmann">Patrick Hoffmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Luxembourg (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Luxembourg City</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Luxembourg City</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jancorien, Ligita" sort="Jancorien, Ligita" uniqKey="Jancorien L" first="Ligita" last="Jancorien">Ligita Jancorien</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Lituanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Vilnius</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Vilnius</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jarcuska, Peter" sort="Jarcuska, Peter" uniqKey="Jarcuska P" first="Peter" last="Jarcuska">Peter Jarcuska</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, University of Pavol Jozef Safarik, Kosice, Slovakia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Slovaquie</country><wicri:regionArea>First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, University of Pavol Jozef Safarik, Kosice</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kosice</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="K Berg, Martin" sort="K Berg, Martin" uniqKey="K Berg M" first="Martin" last="K Berg">Martin K Berg</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kostrikis, Leondios G" sort="Kostrikis, Leondios G" uniqKey="Kostrikis L" first="Leondios G" last="Kostrikis">Leondios G. Kostrikis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Chypre (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Cyprus, Nicosia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nicosia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Makara, Mihaly" sort="Makara, Mihaly" uniqKey="Makara M" first="Mihály" last="Makara">Mihály Makara</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Hepatology Center, St István and St László Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Hepatology Center, St István and St László Hospital, Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maimets, Matti" sort="Maimets, Matti" uniqKey="Maimets M" first="Matti" last="Maimets">Matti Maimets</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Estonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tartu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Tartu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marinho, Rui Tato" sort="Marinho, Rui Tato" uniqKey="Marinho R" first="Rui Tato" last="Marinho">Rui Tato Marinho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Santa Maria, Medical School Lisbon, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Santa Maria, Medical School Lisbon, University of Lisbon, Lisbon</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lisbon</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mati I, Mojca" sort="Mati I, Mojca" uniqKey="Mati I M" first="Mojca" last="Mati I">Mojca Mati I</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Illnesses, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Illnesses, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ljubljana</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Norris, Suzanne" sort="Norris, Suzanne" uniqKey="Norris S" first="Suzanne" last="Norris">Suzanne Norris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Hepatitis C Treatment Programme, Health Service Executive, Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>National Hepatitis C Treatment Programme, Health Service Executive, Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Lafsson, Sigur Ur" sort=" Lafsson, Sigur Ur" uniqKey=" Lafsson S" first="Sigur Ur" last=" Lafsson">Sigur Ur Lafsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Islande</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Reykjavik</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Vrehus, Anne" sort=" Vrehus, Anne" uniqKey=" Vrehus A" first="Anne" last=" Vrehus">Anne Vrehus</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Odense</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pawlotsky, Jean Michel" sort="Pawlotsky, Jean Michel" uniqKey="Pawlotsky J" first="Jean-Michel" last="Pawlotsky">Jean-Michel Pawlotsky</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Hopital Henri Mondor, Universite Paris Est, Créteil, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Hopital Henri Mondor, Universite Paris Est, Créteil</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Créteil</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pocock, James" sort="Pocock, James" uniqKey="Pocock J" first="James" last="Pocock">James Pocock</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Gastroenterology Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Malte</country><wicri:regionArea>Gastroenterology Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Msida</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robaeys, Geert" sort="Robaeys, Geert" uniqKey="Robaeys G" first="Geert" last="Robaeys">Geert Robaeys</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Hepatology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Hepatology, UZ Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Leuven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roncero, Carlos" sort="Roncero, Carlos" uniqKey="Roncero C" first="Carlos" last="Roncero">Carlos Roncero</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Psychiatric Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Psychiatric Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simonova, Marieta" sort="Simonova, Marieta" uniqKey="Simonova M" first="Marieta" last="Simonova">Marieta Simonova</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Gastroenterology, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Transplantology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Gastroenterology, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Transplantology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Sofia</settlement><region nuts="2">Sofia-ville (oblast)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sperl, Jan" sort="Sperl, Jan" uniqKey="Sperl J" first="Jan" last="Sperl">Jan Sperl</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tait, Michele" sort="Tait, Michele" uniqKey="Tait M" first="Michele" last="Tait">Michele Tait</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Hepatitis C Treatment Programme, Health Service Executive, Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>National Hepatitis C Treatment Programme, Health Service Executive, Dr Steevens' Hospital, Dublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tolmane, Ieva" sort="Tolmane, Ieva" uniqKey="Tolmane I" first="Ieva" last="Tolmane">Ieva Tolmane</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hepatology, Infectology Center of Latvia, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Lettonie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hepatology, Infectology Center of Latvia, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riga</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tomaselli, Stefan" sort="Tomaselli, Stefan" uniqKey="Tomaselli S" first="Stefan" last="Tomaselli">Stefan Tomaselli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Office of Public Health, Vaduz, Liechtenstein.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Liechtenstein</country><wicri:regionArea>Office of Public Health, Vaduz</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Vaduz</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Valk, Marc" sort="Van Der Valk, Marc" uniqKey="Van Der Valk M" first="Marc" last="Van Der Valk">Marc Van Der Valk</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vince, Adriana" sort="Vince, Adriana" uniqKey="Vince A" first="Adriana" last="Vince">Adriana Vince</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Croatie</country><wicri:regionArea>University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, University of Zagreb, Zagreb</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Zagreb</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dore, Gregory J" sort="Dore, Gregory J" uniqKey="Dore G" first="Gregory J" last="Dore">Gregory J. Dore</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NSW</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lazarus, Jeffrey V" sort="Lazarus, Jeffrey V" uniqKey="Lazarus J" first="Jeffrey V" last="Lazarus">Jeffrey V. Lazarus</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, Univeristy of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CHIP, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic, Univeristy of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CHIP, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grebely, Jason" sort="Grebely, Jason" uniqKey="Grebely J" first="Jason" last="Grebely">Jason Grebely</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>NSW</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology</title><idno type="eISSN">2468-1253</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">All-oral direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus, which have response rates of 95% or more, represent a major clinical advance. However, the high list price of DAAs has led many governments to restrict their reimbursement. We reviewed the availability of, and national criteria for, interferon-free DAA reimbursement among countries in the European Union and European Economic Area, and Switzerland. Reimbursement documentation was reviewed between Nov 18, 2016, and Aug 1, 2017. Primary outcomes were fibrosis stage, drug or alcohol use, prescriber type, and HIV co-infection restrictions. Among the 35 European countries and jurisdictions included, the most commonly reimbursed DAA was ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir, with dasabuvir, and with or without ribavirin (33 [94%] countries and jurisdictions). 16 (46%) countries and jurisdictions required patients to have fibrosis at stage F2 or higher, 29 (83%) had no listed restrictions based on drug or alcohol use, 33 (94%) required a specialist prescriber, and 34 (97%) had no additional restrictions for people co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus. These findings have implications for meeting WHO targets, with evidence of some countries not following the 2016 hepatitis C virus treatment guidelines by the European Association for the Study of Liver.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Belgique</li><li>Bulgarie</li><li>Chypre (pays)</li><li>Croatie</li><li>Danemark</li><li>Espagne</li><li>Estonie</li><li>Finlande</li><li>France</li><li>Grèce</li><li>Hongrie</li><li>Irlande (pays)</li><li>Islande</li><li>Italie</li><li>Lettonie</li><li>Liechtenstein</li><li>Lituanie</li><li>Luxembourg (pays)</li><li>Malte</li><li>Norvège</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Pologne</li><li>Portugal</li><li>Roumanie</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>République tchèque</li><li>Slovaquie</li><li>Slovénie</li><li>Suisse</li><li>Suède</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Bavière</li><li>Bohême centrale</li><li>Canton de Zurich</li><li>Catalogne</li><li>Communauté de Madrid</li><li>District de Haute-Bavière</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li><li>Hongrie centrale</li><li>Hovedstaden</li><li>Lombardie</li><li>Sofia-ville (oblast)</li><li>Svealand</li><li>Île-de-France</li><li>Østlandet</li></region><settlement><li>Amsterdam</li><li>Barcelone</li><li>Budapest</li><li>Copenhague</li><li>Créteil</li><li>Londres</li><li>Madrid</li><li>Milan</li><li>Munich</li><li>Oslo</li><li>Prague</li><li>Sofia</li><li>Stockholm</li><li>Zurich</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</li><li>Université de Londres</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Marshall, Alison D" sort="Marshall, Alison D" uniqKey="Marshall A" first="Alison D" last="Marshall">Alison D. Marshall</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cunningham, Evan B" sort="Cunningham, Evan B" uniqKey="Cunningham E" first="Evan B" last="Cunningham">Evan B. Cunningham</name><name sortKey="Dore, Gregory J" sort="Dore, Gregory J" uniqKey="Dore G" first="Gregory J" last="Dore">Gregory J. Dore</name><name sortKey="Grebely, Jason" sort="Grebely, Jason" uniqKey="Grebely J" first="Jason" last="Grebely">Jason Grebely</name></country><country name="Espagne"><region name="Communauté de Madrid"><name sortKey="Nielsen, Stine" sort="Nielsen, Stine" uniqKey="Nielsen S" first="Stine" last="Nielsen">Stine Nielsen</name></region><name sortKey="Roncero, Carlos" sort="Roncero, Carlos" uniqKey="Roncero C" first="Carlos" last="Roncero">Carlos Roncero</name></country><country name="Italie"><region name="Lombardie"><name sortKey="Aghemo, Alessio" sort="Aghemo, Alessio" uniqKey="Aghemo A" first="Alessio" last="Aghemo">Alessio Aghemo</name></region></country><country name="Finlande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Alho, Hannu" sort="Alho, Hannu" uniqKey="Alho H" first="Hannu" last="Alho">Hannu Alho</name></noRegion></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bavière"><name sortKey="Backmund, Markus" sort="Backmund, Markus" uniqKey="Backmund M" first="Markus" last="Backmund">Markus Backmund</name></region></country><country name="Suisse"><region name="Canton de Zurich"><name sortKey="Bruggmann, Philip" sort="Bruggmann, Philip" uniqKey="Bruggmann P" first="Philip" last="Bruggmann">Philip Bruggmann</name></region></country><country name="Norvège"><region name="Østlandet"><name sortKey="Dalgard, Olav" sort="Dalgard, Olav" uniqKey="Dalgard O" first="Olav" last="Dalgard">Olav Dalgard</name></region></country><country name="Luxembourg (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="Seguin Devaux, Carole" sort="Seguin Devaux, Carole" uniqKey="Seguin Devaux C" first="Carole" last="Seguin-Devaux">Carole Seguin-Devaux</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Patrick" sort="Hoffmann, Patrick" uniqKey="Hoffmann P" first="Patrick" last="Hoffmann">Patrick Hoffmann</name></country><country name="Pologne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Flisiak, Robert" sort="Flisiak, Robert" uniqKey="Flisiak R" first="Robert" last="Flisiak">Robert Flisiak</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Foster, Graham R" sort="Foster, Graham R" uniqKey="Foster G" first="Graham R" last="Foster">Graham R. Foster</name></region><name sortKey="Goldberg, David" sort="Goldberg, David" uniqKey="Goldberg D" first="David" last="Goldberg">David Goldberg</name><name sortKey="Hickman, Matthew" sort="Hickman, Matthew" uniqKey="Hickman M" first="Matthew" last="Hickman">Matthew Hickman</name></country><country name="Roumanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gheorghe, Liana" sort="Gheorghe, Liana" uniqKey="Gheorghe L" first="Liana" last="Gheorghe">Liana Gheorghe</name></noRegion></country><country name="Grèce"><noRegion><name sortKey="Goulis, Ioannis" sort="Goulis, Ioannis" uniqKey="Goulis I" first="Ioannis" last="Goulis">Ioannis Goulis</name></noRegion></country><country name="Lituanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Jancorien, Ligita" sort="Jancorien, Ligita" uniqKey="Jancorien L" first="Ligita" last="Jancorien">Ligita Jancorien</name></noRegion></country><country name="Slovaquie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Jarcuska, Peter" sort="Jarcuska, Peter" uniqKey="Jarcuska P" first="Peter" last="Jarcuska">Peter Jarcuska</name></noRegion></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="K Berg, Martin" sort="K Berg, Martin" uniqKey="K Berg M" first="Martin" last="K Berg">Martin K Berg</name></region></country><country name="Chypre (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kostrikis, Leondios G" sort="Kostrikis, Leondios G" uniqKey="Kostrikis L" first="Leondios G" last="Kostrikis">Leondios G. 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Lazarus</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Pawlotsky, Jean Michel" sort="Pawlotsky, Jean Michel" uniqKey="Pawlotsky J" first="Jean-Michel" last="Pawlotsky">Jean-Michel Pawlotsky</name></region></country><country name="Malte"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pocock, James" sort="Pocock, James" uniqKey="Pocock J" first="James" last="Pocock">James Pocock</name></noRegion></country><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Robaeys, Geert" sort="Robaeys, Geert" uniqKey="Robaeys G" first="Geert" last="Robaeys">Geert Robaeys</name></noRegion></country><country name="Bulgarie"><region name="Sofia-ville (oblast)"><name sortKey="Simonova, Marieta" sort="Simonova, Marieta" uniqKey="Simonova M" first="Marieta" last="Simonova">Marieta Simonova</name></region></country><country name="République tchèque"><region name="Bohême centrale"><name sortKey="Sperl, Jan" sort="Sperl, Jan" uniqKey="Sperl J" first="Jan" last="Sperl">Jan Sperl</name></region></country><country name="Lettonie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tolmane, Ieva" sort="Tolmane, Ieva" uniqKey="Tolmane I" first="Ieva" last="Tolmane">Ieva Tolmane</name></noRegion></country><country name="Liechtenstein"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tomaselli, Stefan" sort="Tomaselli, Stefan" uniqKey="Tomaselli S" first="Stefan" last="Tomaselli">Stefan Tomaselli</name></noRegion></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Septentrionale"><name sortKey="Van Der Valk, Marc" sort="Van Der Valk, Marc" uniqKey="Van Der Valk M" first="Marc" last="Van Der Valk">Marc Van Der Valk</name></region></country><country name="Croatie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Vince, Adriana" sort="Vince, Adriana" uniqKey="Vince A" first="Adriana" last="Vince">Adriana Vince</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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